Understand complaints. Find solutions.
Common foot problems explained clearly – and which orthopaedic care really helps.
This information is for guidance only and does not replace a medical diagnosis or advice.
Hallux Valgus
Hallux valgus, also known as a bunion, is one of the most common foot deformities. The big toe angles outward while the base joint bulges inward. The deformity usually develops gradually over years – early care can ease symptoms and slow further progression.
Possible symptoms
- A visible bump on the inner edge of the foot
- Pressure pain at the ball of the foot, especially in shoes
- Redness and swelling at the base joint of the big toe
- Calluses and hardened skin
- Difficulty finding shoes that fit
Suitable care
Heel Pain
Heel pain is among the most common foot complaints. Frequent causes are plantar fasciitis, an irritation of the tendon plate on the sole, or a heel spur. Typical is pain with the first steps in the morning or after resting. With the right care, the symptoms can be treated well in most cases.
Possible symptoms
- Sharp pain under the heel, especially in the morning
- Start-up pain after periods of rest
- Increasing discomfort with prolonged standing or walking
- Pressure pain at the heel under load
- Pain radiating into the sole of the foot
Suitable care
Fallen Arches
With fallen arches, the longitudinal arch of the foot flattens. This changes the load when walking and standing, which can lead to fatigue and discomfort. Targeted insoles support the arch and relieve the foot in everyday life.
Possible symptoms
- Feet tiring quickly
- Pain on the inner side of the foot
- Altered gait pattern
- Discomfort under prolonged load
Suitable care
Splay Foot
With splay foot, the transverse arch in the forefoot drops and the forefoot widens. Pressure shifts to the central ball of the foot, which can lead to pain and calluses. Splay foot also encourages further deformities such as hallux valgus.
Possible symptoms
- Pressure pain in the forefoot area
- Calluses under the ball of the foot
- Widening of the forefoot
- A burning sensation while walking
Suitable care
Buckled Foot
With buckled foot, the heel tilts inward, often in combination with fallen arches. This deformity appears particularly in children during growth. Targeted care supports the heel and promotes a healthy foot position.
Possible symptoms
- Heel tilted inward
- Worn inner edges of shoes
- Fatigue and unsteadiness while walking
- Common in growing children
Suitable care
Flat Foot
With flat foot, the longitudinal arch is completely flattened, so the sole touches the ground almost entirely. This can cause discomfort under load and secondary problems in the knee and back. Individual care relieves and stabilises the foot.
Possible symptoms
- Completely flattened foot arch
- Fatigue and pain under load
- Altered gait pattern
- Possible secondary complaints in knee and back
Suitable care
Pressure Points
Pressure points arise from friction and uneven loading, often in connection with deformities or ill-fitting footwear. They can be painful and affect everyday life. With pressure relief and suitable adaptations, they can be specifically avoided.
Possible symptoms
- Redness and painful spots
- Calluses and hardened skin
- Blisters from ongoing friction
- Discomfort in certain shoes
Suitable care
Diabetic Foot
People with diabetes have an increased risk of foot problems. Due to reduced sensation and circulatory disorders, even small injuries can go unnoticed and lead to serious complications. Preventive care and regular check-ups are therefore especially important.
Possible symptoms
- Numbness or tingling in the feet
- Reduced perception of warmth, cold or pain
- Dry, cracked skin
- Poorly healing wounds or pressure points
Suitable care
Rheumatic Foot
Rheumatic conditions can lead to inflammatory changes and deformities in the foot joints. The result is pressure pain and sensitive skin. Soft, pressure-relieving care protects the affected areas and preserves mobility.
Possible symptoms
- Swelling and joint pain
- Increasing toe deformities
- Pressure-sensitive, delicate skin
- Pain when rolling off the foot
Suitable care
Knee Complaints
Knee pain can be caused or intensified by improper loading of the feet. An unfavourable foot posture transfers along the leg axis up to the knee. With targeted foot care, the load can be influenced positively.
Possible symptoms
- Pain on the inner or outer side of the knee
- Discomfort under load and when climbing stairs
- Aggravation from foot deformities
- Altered gait pattern
Suitable care
Back Pain
Back complaints can arise from foot deformities and unfavourable movement patterns. An unbalanced foot posture affects the entire body posture. Sensorimotor insoles can help improve balance and relieve the back.
Possible symptoms
- Tension in the lower back
- Pain after prolonged standing or walking
- Poor posture from uneven loading
- Complaints combined with foot deformities
Suitable care
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